Patient Warming
The recognition of hypothermia as a clinical problem has led to the development of guidelines for warming practices. Organizations such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the Association of Perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN) have established protocols to ensure the effective use of warming devices in clinical settings [NICE-2008]. These guidelines emphasize the importance of maintaining normothermia throughout the perioperative period and have played a key role in standardizing patient care practices [Yoo-2021]. The impact of historical practices on modern technologies is evident in the evolution of patient safety standards, which have significantly reduced the incidence of perioperative hypothermia [Alderson-2014].
[15] (NICE-2008) Hypothermia: Prevention and Management in Adults Having Surgery
[31] (Yoo-2021) Efficacy of active forced air warming during induction of anesthesia to prevent inadvertent perioperative hypothermia in intraoperative warming patients: Comparison with passive warming, a randomized controlled trial
[50] (Alderson-2014) Thermal insulation for preventing inadvertent perioperative hypothermia
Guidelines for effective hypothermia prevention recommend the use of active warming methods, particularly in high-risk populations such as the elderly and those undergoing major surgery [Ji & Wang – 2024], [Alderson-2014]. Case studies have further illustrated improved surgical outcomes and reduced recovery times when active warming devices are used [Xiao-2020], [He-2020].
[24] (Ji & Wang – 2024) Strategies for perioperative hypothermia management: advances in warming techniques and clinical implications: a narrative review
[50] (Alderson-2014) Thermal insulation for preventing inadvertent perioperative hypothermia
[36] (Xiao-2020) Effects of a preoperative forced-air warming system for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery: A randomized controlled trial
[11] (He-2020) Effect of temperature maintenance by forced-air warming blankets of different temperatures on changes in inflammatory factors in children undergoing congenital hip dislocation surgery